Introduction:

Network in which the method of keeping one node linked to another node is called Network Topology. These are the major components in any networking and the cost of networking depends on the network. Different types of topology are used in the network. In this type of network, one node is linked to another node in a random way. This type of network is not used in our real life, it can be of different types, it can be understood from the following picture to understand it:

What is Network Topology?

Network Topology which defines the structure of the network, how all the components are connected to each other, this topology can be of two types: Physical and Logical Topology.

It can also be understood in this way how the various nodes, devices and connections on our network live in logical and physical form in order to establish relations with each other. Let us understand this by an example, as in order to maintain the cities, the roads are ensured in such a way that we feel comfortable, in the same way there are many ways to organize the network.

Why is Network Topology important?

Network topology plays an essential role in the way our own networks work. A streamlined and properly managed network topology can increase power and data efficiency, thereby helping to reduce operational and maintenance costs. The design and structure of a network is typically shown and manipulated in a software-generated network topology diagram, allowing administrators to view connections between devices for troubleshooting purposes.

Types of Network Topologies:

The commonly used topologies are as follows:

(1) Mesh topology:

In Mesh Network, each node is interconnected with all other nodes. Then we can call this type of network as fully connected network. It can be understood through the below picture which can display a fully connected network in the following picture:

Mesh topology:

This Mesh Topology is a complex and detailed structure of a point-to-point connection in which the nodes are interconnected.

Advantages of fully connected mesh:

These types of networks are very reliable, as each node is connected to every other node. Therefore, they are connected to each other, due to this, in case of failure of connection between any two nodes, the data is transferred from another path, the advantage of which is that the communication system between the network remains the same as before. .

Disadvantages of Mesh Topology:

Its main disadvantage can be said that it is very expensive, because it requires n(n-1)/2 links to connect to the number of nodes and it is necessary that each node has Let there be (n-1) interfaces. To connect a new node in it (n-1) new links have to be installed.

Its second disadvantage is that it is difficult to add a new node, because it has to be connected to each node and the communication cost increases. This type of connection is used only in special circumstances.

(2) Star topology:

Star Topology This is the most common topology, acting as a server, this central node manages the data transmission.

In this type of network, all the nodes issued from a special node are linked. Any information is sent by us to another node through the control node or hub node. We can understand this from the following picture below:

Star topology:

Advantages of Star Topology:

In this we have to make a connection with a new node because a node has to be connected to the control node.

There is delay in data transmission in this type of network as two links are required while transferring the data.

Disadvantage of Star Topology:

The main disadvantage of this network is that due to the failure of the control node, the entire network stops working.

The capability of this type of network depends on the central computer.

(3) Bus topology:

Bus topology This network is used in local area network. A signal network cable is used in this type of topology. We can install it around a building or campus and all nodes are connected to this cable.

A bus topology connects all devices on a network with a single cable running in the same direction from one end of the network to the other. This type of common bus is used to cover a distance of up to 20 kilometers and its operation rate is up to 10 Mbps. Bus topology is shown in the following figure:

Bus topology:

Advantages of bus topology:

Its main advantage is that it has less physical line, due to which its cost is the lowest compared to others.

This network is more reliable, because even in case of failure of one network, the network continues to work and it does not affect the other nodes.

It is easy to add new nodes to this type of network.

Disadvantages of bus topology:

All the systems to be connected in Bus Topology must have good communication and decision making capability, otherwise there will be conflict between them.